Fish Pathology

Articles, conference proceedings, and supplementary materials with brief descriptions and links to full texts.

Not everything with a capsule is Cryptococcus. Morphology may resemble it, but conclusions require caution.

Hyphae in fish are not always saprolegniosis. It is important to distinguish colonization from invasive processes.

Non-lethal fish diagnostics explained: why scrapes, smears and examinations are safe — and why severely compromised fish may die after handling.

An interactive reasoning trainer: observations, conclusions, and the limits of evidence.